VA Home Loans

Veterans Affairs Servicing Purchase (VASP) Program FAQs

These frequently asked questions (FAQs) and answers aim to provide approved, clear and concise information about the Veteran Affairs Servicing Purchase (VASP) program's process. The Program went into effect on May 8, 2024 and must be fully implemented by Oct. 1, 2024.

Are servicers required to operationalize the updates to VA Servicer Handbook, M26-4, Chapter 5 before offering VASP? Are there portions of the new VA Home Retention Waterfall that servicers can implement in pieces or, are servicers required to implement the Traditional Modification, 30/40-year streamline modification and VASP all at the same time? The VA must be clear about the effectiveness of policy during the interim between May 31 and Oct. 1.

As of May 8, 2024, Chapter 5 is effective. Servicers should consider borrowers for all available options in Chapter 5 prior to offering VASP. If it appears the borrower would be eligible for VASP, servicers should hold these files until they are operationally ready to process VASP requests.

What should be done with borrower financials that have been collected, or will be collected before the new waterfall is implemented? VA should provide direction for in-process/in-trial modifications, including whether servicers should re-evaluate those modifications based on the revised guidance.

Unless there are CFPB requirements to collect new documents for the borrower (i.e. documents could be too old to make a proper decision), the servicer can use the documents they have in hand. Servicers can proceed with loss mitigation options that are in-process/in-trial.

The VA will pay the servicer based on total eligible indebtedness. The VA will assume that all these amounts will be included in the post-modification UPB. Are there fees and costs that would not be capitalized but would transfer as borrower collectible advance balances following the servicing transfer?

Late fees are the only item that would not be capitalized. Servicers are to waive these fees.

According to the VA Servicer Handbook, Chapter 9, servicers are to pay all tax, insurance, and HOA payments due within the next 90 days and include this amount in the payoff statement. How does the VA expect servicers to handle tax and insurance bills not available 90 days in advance? If the borrower is current on their HOAs, are servicers to still advance the HOA funds and include in the total indebtedness? In instances where the borrowers are paying their own HOAs each month, this may result in duplicate payments.

We recognize there may be times when the servicer is unaware or unable to pay the tax and insurance payments early. If the loan hasn't transferred, servicers are to pay those bills as they come due.

This will be reconciled during the service transfer. If the borrower is current with their HOA payments, no action is needed by the servicer. If the HOAs are behind, servicers should be reinstating the HOAs and including that amount in the payoff. As a reminder, if the HOA has placed a lien on the property that jeopardizes VA’s first lien position, the loan is not eligible for VASP until that lien has been resolved.

Confirm that the loan will still transfer to VA’s designated contractor even if the borrower does not return the modification documents prior to transfer.

See VA Servicer Handbook, Chapter 9 section 9-8

Does a servicer have to offer a VA Disaster Extend Modification? This was unclear between VA Servicer Handbook, Chapter 5, Appendix F, and verbal comments made during the training sessions.

Servicers are to review and offer available home retention options in the prescribed waterfall, however, we cannot require the servicer to offer those options listed for disaster situations.

Why did you choose to put in place this exception for no caps on modifications? We are concerned that this will lead to gaming by non-owner occupants?

VASP isn't available to non-owner occupants.

The event or circumstance that caused the default has been or will be resolved and is not expected to re-occur. The VA has not removed this from the CFR so we would need an exemption.

We're not making an exemption to this requirement. If the event or circumstance that caused the default isn't resolved and is expected to re-occur in the future, then a more appropriate loss mitigation like forbearance should be utilized until the said circumstance is overcome.

What does the VA expect that servicers will do to verify whether a property is abandoned or condemned? For example, how do we resolve a discrepancy between a property inspection that shows the property as abandoned, but the borrower states that they live in the property. Should we take the borrower’s word or is other evidence needed?

Servicers should use commonly accepted practices (ex. removed power meter, unkept lawn, abandoned/untagged vehicles, posted notices of utility shutoff) or local/state law for determination of abandoned property.

VA Regulation 38 C.F.R. 36.4315 indicates a modified rate may not be more than one percent higher than the existing rate on the loan without VA preapproval. Will the VA continue to grant preapproval to waive the 1% interest rate increase cap for modifications?

We'll be updating guidance to include a waiver of the 1% interest rate cap for loan modifications. In the meantime, if a pre-approval to waive this requirement is submitted, our loan technician will approve the request.

Will servicers be required to repurchase loans that have been certified, including regarding a borrower’s verbal attestation of their occupancy status?

Once VA makes a determination to accept a VASP loan, and the servicer has made a good faith effort to review the file within requirements, there are no repurchase requirements.

Can loans subject to an indemnification agreement be transferred to VA’s servicer and reimbursed at the total eligible indebtedness?

If the timeframe specified within the indemnification agreement has expired, VA would allow VASP. VA would also allow VASP on an indemnified loan, if the indemnification was the result of an action taken by the lender. If the indemnification resulted from fraudulent actions on behalf of the borrower, VA would not allow VASP.

If a servicer gets a complete application and a decision has been rendered but not responded to by a borrower, is the Servicer obligated to re-review under the new Chapter 5 once implemented?

The servicer would not be required to re-review the borrower under the new Chapter 5 if a decision was rendered before May 8, 2024, but could if they determined a re-review is needed. The servicer would continue with the current approved loss mitigation offer.

Can you confirm that a 2.5% loan transferred via VASP would not be transferred back to a servicer for any reason?

We'll accept and retain all loans where VA returns an accepted VASP event, and the servicer transfers the loan to VA and under no circumstance will we transfer a loan back to the servicer.

While failure to comply with VA regulations and policies, such as not providing proper documentation or establishing an erroneous interest rate or loan amount, would not result in the loan being transferred back to a servicer, we may take such action(s) as determined necessary including, issuing a bill of collection for any loss to the government caused by the servicer’s actions or temporarily or permanently barring a servicer from servicing or acquiring guaranteed loans. See 38 C.F.R. §§ 36.4328(c) and 36.4336.

Can you confirm that a servicer is only required to confirm occupancy verbally and that a servicer is not at risk for anything other than verbal confirmation? An example would be that a veteran tells us the home is owner occupied, but the mailing address is in another state.

Servicers should take appropriate steps to reconcile any information that may conflict with a Veteran’s statement that the home is owner occupied.

For example, if the Veteran’s mailing address is in another state, the servicer should inquire as to the discrepancy in confirming occupancy status.

Are servicers required to pay tax, insurance, HOA bills if information from the borrower is unavailable?

Servicers must ensure every effort to obtain information as to any tax, insurance, and HOA payments in super lien states due within the next 90 days and as necessary.

Servicers should advise the Veteran that collection of this information is an important part of the VASP process. Payoff statements are to include all tax, insurance, and HOA bills in super lien states available through such efforts.

Will the VA continue to waive the approval requirement to increase the interest rate on a modification over 1% from the current note rate?

We'll review a pre-approval on its own individual merit to ensure the home retention option is in best interest of the Veteran.

Please confirm that if a Veteran indicates that they are behind on their HOA, a servicer is required to obtain the HOA bill, pay it, and include it in the payoff statement. Also, should servicers decline the modification if we cannot obtain the HOA bill?

The servicer is charged with protecting VA’s first lien position. Delinquent HOA dues where action has been initiated in a super lien state represent risk to VA’s lien position. A servicer must pay the HOA bill in a super lien state if a borrower indicates they are behind, or the title search indicates a lien has been filed. The servicer should perform a good faith effort to obtain the HOA bill, however, other forms of documentation are acceptable to validate the amount due.

We've heard the VA say that the modification document UPB should equal the payoff statement. Is this correct? We're concerned that not all fees and costs included in a payoff statement would be included in a modification.

Our expectation is that the payoff amount and the modified loan amount match. VA has always modified the loan under VA Purchase for the amount of the purchase claim. Late fees are the only item that would not be capitalized and included in the modification. Servicers are to waive these fees.

Is the claim payment amount final once certified or will there be a financial reconciliation at transfer? We've heard this both ways. An example would be that insurance is canceled after certification and a servicer has to force place coverage prior to transfer.

We'll reconcile any impound advances made during the transfer process. We will not make a reconciliation payment after the payoff has been completed for administrative costs and fees or late charges.

Also, should we include payoffs for two months depending on the month the loan is certified when we send the documents to be certified and the claim is paid? Example would be a loan that is sent to the VA on Sept. 25 for certification could have either a January 2025 or February 2025 first payment date, depending on when the loan is certified - September or October.

Servicers must provide a payoff statement with payoff date valid through 30 calendar days and servicers should project interest through the last day of the month preceding the first payment due date under the VASP loan modification.

For example, if the first payment due under the VASP modification is Oct. 1, interest should be included through Aug. 31.

A Veteran is not eligible until they have missed 3 full monthly payments. A loan due for April 2024 payment is not eligible until July 1, 2024, correct?

A borrower must be three full months behind in payments to meet the qualifying criteria for VASP. This means the loan will be due for the fourth payment, at the time of the VASP review.

Will a loan transfer to VA’s designated contractor even if the borrower does not return the modification documents prior to transfer?

Yes, the loan will transfer to us.

If a Servicers gets a complete application where no decision was rendered in advance of the new Chapter 5 being implemented, should the Servicer hold the decision for the implementation of the new waterfall or does the Servicer decision under the old Chapter 5 options?

The revised Chapter 5 replaces the prior version. It outlines all loss mitigation options that may be offered by servicers without VA preapproval. Loss mitigation options that were approved or offered by the servicer before May 8, 2024, may be completed.

If a servicer gets a complete application but no decision has been rendered when new Chapter 5 is implemented, does the Servicer decision under the new waterfall?

In cases where the servicer did not approve or offer a loss mitigation option before May 8, 2024, the servicer should continue any loss mitigation review pursuant to VA Servicer Handbook, Chapter 5 and Appendix F.

If a servicer gets a complete application and a decision has been rendered but not responded to by a borrower, is the Servicer obligated to re-review under the new Chapter 5 once implemented?

The servicer would not be required to re-review the borrower under the new guidance if a decision was rendered before May 8, 2024, but could if they determined a re-review is needed. The servicer would continue with the current approved loss mitigation offer.

Do servicers still have the discretion to apply TPPs to any of the options in Chapter 5, if otherwise noted?

Yes. Since the TPP is not a VA requirement, if a borrower fails a TPP for a loss mitigation option in the waterfall prior to VASP, that does not mean the borrower moves to the VASP option.

If the borrower meets the criteria for options in the waterfall prior to VASP, the borrower will still be reviewed for those options. Servicers are reminded that any unnecessary overlays that push Veterans that are not qualified for VASP are not in the letter and spirit of the waterfall. We'll monitor servicer actions and take appropriate actions to maintain servicer compliance.

Are Successors in Interest eligible for loss mitigation options in Chapter 5 and VASP? If yes, do they require any financial evaluation and define the evaluation requirements?

Chapter 5 and VASP do not require financial evaluations.

A SII could qualify for VASP if they are an obligor on the loan or other loss mitigation options. In certain cases, an assumption may be necessary, and servicers should continue to follow current policies and procedures regarding assumptions. For more information about VASP and assumptions, lease refer to Chapter 9 of the handbook.